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		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=19405</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
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		<updated>2009-01-23T05:56:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = 1.1.0b&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = 1.1.1e&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GNU GPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=64666&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=577042 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a [[Wikipedia:Free software|free]], [[lossy]] pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[RIFF_WAVE|WAV]] file format. Proposed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 David Robinson], it reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is based on the lossyFLAC idea proposed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 David Robinson] at Hydrogenaudio, which is a method of carefully reducing the bitdepth of samples, therefore utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec. The aim is to transparently reduce audio bit depth (by making some lower significant bits ([[Wikipedia:Least_significant_bit|lsb]]&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick Currie] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 Horst Albrecht] at Hydrogenaudio. Although the current lossyWAV implementation has built on David&#039;s original method, the method itself still very much belongs to its author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure variable bit-depth pre-processor in that the overall sample size remains the same after processing but the number of significant bits used for the samples in a codec-block can change on a block-by-block basis. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (codec-block length = 512 samples, 11.6msec @ 44.1kHz) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier Transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default quality preset (-q 5) = 32, 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling %28signal processing%29|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Bit removal adds [[Wikipedia:white noise|white noise]] to the output, however the level of the added noise associated with the removal of a number of bits has been pre-calculated and the number of bits to remove will depend on the level of the noise floor of the codec-block in question. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; lsb&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[FLAC]] et al. is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set (16 bit / 44.1kHz)&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossless&lt;br /&gt;
!--insane&lt;br /&gt;
!--extreme&lt;br /&gt;
!--standard&lt;br /&gt;
!--portable&lt;br /&gt;
!-q 0&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
| TAK&lt;br /&gt;
| 820 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 615 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 532 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 447 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 359 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 266 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
| FLAC&lt;br /&gt;
| 854 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 632 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 548 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 463 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 376 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 285 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
| Wavpack&lt;br /&gt;
| 852 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 641 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 563 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 481 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 390 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
| 296 kbit/s&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The --correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the --merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV inserts a variable-length &#039;fact&#039; chunk into the WAV file immediately after the &#039;fmt &#039; chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV x.y.z @ dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss, -q 5&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV &#039;fact&#039; chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*--insane: (-q 10) Highest quality preset, generally considered to be excessive;&lt;br /&gt;
*--extreme: (-q 7.5) High quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections, considered to be suitable for transcoding to other lossy codecs;&lt;br /&gt;
*--standard: (-q 5) Default preset, generally accepted to be transparent;&lt;br /&gt;
*--portable: (-q 2.5) DAP quality preset for use on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]]. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset --standard with higher presets being more conservative. Quality preset --standard is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which --standard fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 9-bit to 32-bit integer; 1 to 8 channels; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!Supported&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &#039;&#039;&#039;Yes&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Apple Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:TTA (codec)|TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
===Important note===&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;NB: when encoding using a lossless codec, please ensure that the block size of the lossless codec matches that of lossyWAV (default = 512 samples). If this is not done then the lossless encoding of the processed WAV file will (almost certainly) be larger than it would otherwise have been. This is achieved by adding the &amp;quot;Encoder Parameters&amp;quot; in the table above to the command line of the lossless codec in question.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
===Bonus feature===&lt;br /&gt;
Another, possibly not obvious, feature of lossyWAV is that the processed output can be &amp;quot;transcoded&amp;quot; from one lossless codec to another lossless codec with absolutely no loss of quality whatsoever. This is solely due to the fact that lossyWAV output is designed to be losslessly encoded - something that lossless codecs do very well indeed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV 1.1.0, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie. Copyleft.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under&lt;br /&gt;
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software&lt;br /&gt;
Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later&lt;br /&gt;
version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,but WITHOUT ANY&lt;br /&gt;
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A&lt;br /&gt;
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with&lt;br /&gt;
this program.  If not, see &amp;lt;http://www.gnu.org/licenses/&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-I, --insane        highest quality output, suitable for transcoding;&lt;br /&gt;
-E, --extreme       high quality output, also suitable for transcoding;&lt;br /&gt;
-S, --standard      default quality output, considered to be transparent;&lt;br /&gt;
-P, --portable      good quality output for DAP use. Not considered to be fully&lt;br /&gt;
                    transparent, but considered fit for its intended purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-c, --check         check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
                    errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-C, --correction    write correction file for processed WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-f, --force         forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-h, --help          display help.&lt;br /&gt;
-L, --longhelp      display extended help.&lt;br /&gt;
-M, --merge         merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-o, --outdir &amp;lt;t&amp;gt;    destination directory for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-v, --version       display the lossyWAV version number.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson      for the publication of his lossyFLAC method, guidance, and&lt;br /&gt;
                    the motivation to implement the method as lossyWAV.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht      for ABX testing, valuable support in tuning the internal&lt;br /&gt;
                    presets, constructive criticism and all the feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann  for the noise shaping coefficients and help in using them&lt;br /&gt;
                    in the lossyWAV noise shaping implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross           for the Complex-FFT algorithm used.&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example drag &#039;n&#039; drop batch file===&lt;br /&gt;
Simply drag the FLAC files onto this batch file and it will process, recode in FLAC and copy ALL of the tags from the input FLAC file, placing the output lossyFLAC file in the same directory as the input FLAC file. Requires flac.exe and [http://www.synthetic-soul.co.uk/tag/ tag.exe] to be somewhere on the path. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
:repeat&lt;br /&gt;
if %1.==. goto end&lt;br /&gt;
if exist %1 flac -d %1 --stdout --silent|lossywav - --stdout --standard --stdinname %1|flac - -b 512 -o &amp;quot;%~dpn1.lossy.flac&amp;quot; --silent &amp;amp;&amp;amp; tag --fromfile %1 &amp;quot;%~dpn1.lossy.flac&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
shift&lt;br /&gt;
goto repeat&lt;br /&gt;
:end&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example [[foobar2000]] converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC settings:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;Encoder: C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe&lt;br /&gt;
Extension : lossy.flac&lt;br /&gt;
Parameters: /d /c C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\lossywav - --standard --silent --stdout|&lt;br /&gt;
            C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\flac - -b 512 -5 -f -o%d&lt;br /&gt;
Format is : lossless or hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
Highest BPS mode supported: 24 &amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyTAK settings:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;Encoder: C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe&lt;br /&gt;
Extension  : lossy.tak&lt;br /&gt;
Parameters : /d /c C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\lossywav - --standard --silent --stdout|&lt;br /&gt;
             C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\takc -e -p2m -fsl512 -ihs - %d&lt;br /&gt;
Format is: lossless or hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
Highest BPS mode supported: 24&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWV settings:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;Encoder: C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe&lt;br /&gt;
Extension : lossy.wv&lt;br /&gt;
Parameters: /d /c C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\lossywav - --standard --silent --stdout|&lt;br /&gt;
            C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\bin\wavpack -hm --blocksize=512 --merge-blocks -i - %d&lt;br /&gt;
Format is : lossless or hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
Highest BPS mode supported: 24&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWMALSL settings:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;Encoder: C:\Program Files\Windows Media Components\Encoder\WMCmd.vbs&lt;br /&gt;
Extension : lossy.wma&lt;br /&gt;
Parameters: -input %s -output %d -a_codec WMA9LSL -a_mode 0 -a_setting Q100_44_2_16&lt;br /&gt;
Format is : lossless or hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
Highest BPS mode supported: 24&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is a known problem within foobar2000 (although more likely to do with cmd.exe itself) when running an executable within the cmd.exe command line from a path which includes spaces. The suggested fix for this is to enclose the element of the path which contains spaces within double quotation marks (&amp;quot;), e.g. C:\&amp;quot;Program Files&amp;quot;\directory_where_executable_is\executable_name&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example EAC settings===&lt;br /&gt;
:&#039;&#039;See [[EAC and LossyWAV]].&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why is the &amp;quot;.wav&amp;quot; file extension used?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; The &amp;quot;.wav&amp;quot; file extension is used because lossyWAV is a digital signal processor and not a codec. No decoding is required for any program to play a WAV file which has been processed with lossyWAV as it remains compliant with the RIFF WAVE format.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why create a processor which means that I cannot be sure that a lossless file is truly lossless?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Unless one creates the lossless file personally, one can &#039;&#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039;&#039; be completely sure that the file is indeed lossless. e.g. If a WAV file is encoded to [[MP3]] and then transcoded to a lossless codec, how can this pre-processing be easily determined?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Do I need to re-process to change lossless codecs?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; At preset --standard, almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522 Original lossyFLAC thread] - Introduction of the concept by David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) and initial development&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=65499 lossyWAV 1.2.0 Development Thread] - Latest release candidate and beta version in the first post&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=63254 lossyWAV 1.1.0 development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=64617 lossyWAV 1.1.0 release thread] - Release of version 1.1.0 on 12 July 2008&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 lossyWAV Development thread] - Conversion of the original MATLAB script to Delphi and evolution of the method&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=63225 lossyWAV 1.0.0 release thread] - Release of version 1.0.0b on 12 May 2008&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18364</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18364"/>
		<updated>2008-04-12T04:59:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.9.1&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[variable bit rate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (codec-block length = 512 samples, 11.6msec @ 44.1kHz) using overlapping [[fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default quality preset (-2) = 64, 256 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Sampling %28signal processing%29|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Bit removal adds noise to the output, however the added noise has been pre-calculated and its level will be at or below the noise floor of the codec_block in question. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; lsb&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -4&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -5&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -6&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -7&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 494kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 450kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.9&lt;br /&gt;
| 496kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 453kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 403kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 375kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 352kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 333kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 318kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.9&lt;br /&gt;
| 561kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 518kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 408kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 385kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 365kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!Supported&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Apple Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:TTA (codec)|TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.9.1, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -autoshape)&lt;br /&gt;
-autoshape    enable variable noise shaping (depends on bits-to-remove);&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -shaping)&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18363</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18363"/>
		<updated>2008-04-12T04:52:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.9.1&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[variable bit rate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (codec-block length = 512 samples, 11.6msec @ 44.1kHz) using overlapping [[fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default quality preset (-2) = 64, 256 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Sampling %28signal processing%29|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Bit removal adds noise to the output, however the added noise has been pre-calculated and its level will be at or below the noise floor of the codec_block in question. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; lsb&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -4&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -5&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -6&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -7&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 494kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 450kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.9&lt;br /&gt;
| 496kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 453kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 403kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 375kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 352kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 333kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 318kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.9&lt;br /&gt;
| 561kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 518kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 408kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 385kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 365kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!Supported&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Apple Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Wikipedia:TTA (codec)|TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
| No&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! [[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Yes&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.9.1, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -autoshape)&lt;br /&gt;
-autoshape    enable variable noise shaping (depends on bits-to-remove);&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -shaping)&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=Download_page&amp;diff=18341</id>
		<title>Download page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=Download_page&amp;diff=18341"/>
		<updated>2008-04-06T14:18:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: Cleanup&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;All programs mentioned anywhere in the wiki can be downloaded here.&lt;br /&gt;
See also the [[:Category:Software|Software Category]] article for more software not listed here. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==CD Rippers==&lt;br /&gt;
===Windows===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:300px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[CDex]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://cdexos.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source ripper for Windows that uses cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[DBpowerAMP with AccurateRip|DBpowerAMP]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.dbpoweramp.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for Windows that includes Accurate Stream functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Deep Ripper&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[EAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.exactaudiocopy.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for Windows, C2 error pointers, Accurate Stream, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[BonkEnc]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.bonkenc.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Ripper with [[Cdparanoia]] support. It&#039;s an open-source projekt.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mac OS X===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:350px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://sbooth.org/Max/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for OS X that uses additional cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Linux===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:320px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | abcde &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
|[http://www.hispalinux.es/~data/abcde.php here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A command-line based ripper with cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[cdparanoia]]&lt;br /&gt;
| BSD, GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | One of the first secure standalone rippers for the Linux platform&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Grip]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.nostatic.org/grip here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source Gnome interface ripper that uses cdparanoia functionality &lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Rubyripper]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.rubyforge.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for the Linux that uses additional cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==CD/DVD Writers==&lt;br /&gt;
===Windows===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:185px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | BurnAtOnce&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.burnatonce.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CD writing application based upon CDRDAO &lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Burrrn]] (CDA only)&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.burrrn.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CDBurnerXP&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.cdburnerxp.se/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DeepBurner Free&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DeepBurner Pro&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Express Burn&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://nch.com.au/burn/index.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Express Burn Plus&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://nch.com.au/burn/index.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Infra Recorder&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://infrarecorder.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Nero]]&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.nero.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | SilentNight Micro-CD Burner&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.silentnight2004.com/Download.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mac OS X===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:130px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:310px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[DVD-Audio Tools]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://dvd-audio.sourceforge.net/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Open-source DVD-Audio authoring application  &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[FireStarter FX]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.projectomega.org/subcat.php?lg=en&amp;amp;php=products_firestarter here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Free OS X Cocoa CD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[X-CD-Roast]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| Free &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xcdroast.org/xcdr098/xcdrosX.html here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | New OS X port of this Linux CD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Linux===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:130px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:260px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CDRDAO &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.cdrdao.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Cdrdao records audio or data CD-Rs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DVD-Audio Tools &lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://dvd-audio.sourceforge.net/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Open-source DVD-Audio authoring application&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Gnome Baker]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.gnomefiles.org/app.php?soft_id=291 here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source Gnome interface CD/DVD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[K3b]]&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.k3b.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source KDE CD writing application for Linux platform  &lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[X-CD-Roast]] &lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xcdroast.org here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | New open-source Gnome interface CD/DVD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Multimedia Players==&lt;br /&gt;
===Windows===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Foobar2000]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, BSD&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.foobar2000.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Advanced tagging, plugin capabilities, and kernel streaming support&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MediaMonkey]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mediamonkey.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports many Winamp plugins&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MusikCube&lt;br /&gt;
| BSD&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.musikcube.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports dynamic playlists and advanced SQL capabilities &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | VUplayer&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.vuplayer.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports many popular digital audio codecs and MOD tracker formats  &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Winamp]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.winamp.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular audio player for Windows&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mac OS X===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Cog&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://cogosx.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source digital audio player for OS X.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Linux===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Amarok]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://amarok.kde.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source KDE audio player similiar to Foobar2000&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[XMMS]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xmms.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source audio player similiar to Winamp &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===PocketPC===&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;These players may not play all your media files. Check their websites for the format support.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* GSPlayer: http://hp.vector.co.jp/authors/VA032810/&lt;br /&gt;
* MortPlayer: http://www.sto-helit.de/&lt;br /&gt;
* TCPMP: http://tcpmp.corecodec.org/about&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Tagging Utilities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Windows===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Abander TagControl&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softartstudio.com/tagcontrol/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | AudioShell&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softpointer.com/AudioShell.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Integrates with Windows Explorer&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Frontah&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://home.vxu.se/mdati00/frontah/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Transcode and tag editor for ID3v1.x, ID3v2.x, Lyrics3, Vorbis Comment, APEv1 &amp;amp; APEv2 tags. Supports ANSI, UTF8 and UTF16 text encoding depends on tag type.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Magic MP3 Tagger&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.magic-tagger.com here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Optimized for automatic music identification&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MediaMonkey]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mediamonkey.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Also a Media Player &amp;amp; Library&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MetatOGGer&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://fireblast.free.fr/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags MP3 ([[ID3]]) and Ogg files (Vorbis comment, including Ogg FLAC and Speex)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MP3 Book Helper&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://mp3bookhelper.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags [[ID3v1]], ID3v2.3, and Vorbis comments. Features: FreeDB, unicode, guessing and matching, and supporting PAR, SFV, SV, and NFO generation.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MP3tag]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mp3tag.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags all files supporting [[ID3]], [[APEv2]], and [[Vorbis_Comment|Vorbis Comments]], not only MP3s&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [http://www.mp3-tag.com/ MP3 Tag Editor]&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mp3-tag.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Software to edit tags in audio files of [[MP3]], [[WMA]], [[OGG]], [[ASF]], and other music format.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Mp3/Tag Studio&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.magnusbrading.com/mp3ts/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports ID3v1 &amp;amp; v2 &#039;&#039;&#039;only&#039;&#039;&#039;. Powerful matching and fancy filters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Tag.exe]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.synthetic-soul.co.uk/tag/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Command-line universal tagger for Windows&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tag &amp;amp;amp; Rename&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softpointer.com/tr.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | TagScanner&lt;br /&gt;
| Free/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://xdev.narod.ru/tagscan_e.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | The GodFather&lt;br /&gt;
| Card/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://users.otenet.gr/~jtcliper/tgf/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [http://wmptagext.sourceforge.net/download.html WMPTSE]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://wmptagext.sourceforge.net here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Software to integrate other tag format than [[ID3]] into Microsoft Windows Media Player.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mac OS X===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tag&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://sbooth.org/Tag/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source tagging application for OS X&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Linux===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | EasyTAG&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://easytag.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Gnome tagging utility&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Encoders, Decoders, Etc.==&lt;br /&gt;
All basic tools needed to make use of the audio formats supported here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===[[MP3]]===&lt;br /&gt;
* [[LAME]] encoder/decoder: [http://www.rarewares.org/mp3.html download pre-compiled binaries here]. Also check the [[Lame Compiles|Latest recommended version]] page.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[MP3Gain]], a Replay Gain-like utility: [http://mp3gain.sourceforge.net/download.php download here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Ogg [[Vorbis]]===&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, all recommended Ogg Vorbis utilities are available at the [http://www.rarewares.org/ogg.html Rarewares Ogg Vorbis page]. The following tools are important:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;OggEnc2&#039;&#039;&#039;: A command-line Ogg Vorbis encoder that can be used with most CD rippers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;OggDec&#039;&#039;&#039;: Command-line decoder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[OggDropXPd]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: An easy to use, drag&#039;n&#039;drop encoder/decoder with support for automatic tagging, renaming and  playlist creation on encoding.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Encoding DLLs&#039;&#039;: For encoding within CDex or WinLame.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;VorbisGain&#039;&#039;&#039;: The [[Replay Gain]] utility for Ogg Vorbis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the [[Lancer]] suite — a highly SSE-optimized suite of utilities and libraries — are available at [http://homepage3.nifty.com/blacksword/ this page] &#039;&#039;(in Japanese)&#039;&#039;. See [[Lancer#Platform-specific Builds|this section]] for information about the different builds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===[[Musepack]] (MPC)===&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=win Download MPC for Windows]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=lin Download MPC for Linux]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=osx Download MPC for Mac OS X]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=src Download MPC source code]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://forum.musepack.net/showthread.php?t=395 Forum announcement of SV8 release]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===[[FLAC]]===&lt;br /&gt;
* CoolEdit / Adobe Audition Filter supporting FLAC: [http://www.vuplayer.com/other.php download here]&lt;br /&gt;
* Various FLAC-related utilities (incl. Replay Gain utility): [http://flac.sourceforge.net/download.html FLAC&#039;s SourceForge Download page]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Transcoders==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Note: Although these tools may convert from one encoding to another, please remember that [[transcoding]] to any [[lossy]] encoding &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;will&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; result in a degraded quality.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* BeSweet: http://besweet.notrace.dk/&lt;br /&gt;
* BonkEnc&lt;br /&gt;
* dBpowerAMP Music Converter (dMC): http://www.dbpoweramp.com/dmc.htm&lt;br /&gt;
* foobar2000 (needs 3rd-party encoders)&lt;br /&gt;
* MediaCoder: http://www.rarewares.org/mediacoder/&lt;br /&gt;
* Omni Encoder: http://omniencoder.autobotcity.net/&lt;br /&gt;
* Winamp&lt;br /&gt;
* WinLAME: http://winlame.sourceforge.net/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Processing utilities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Windows===&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:400px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[lossyWAV]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=504087 here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for [[Wikipedia:Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] (uncompressed) WAV files. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Drivers==&lt;br /&gt;
===ASPI===&lt;br /&gt;
* Ahead Nero ASPI Driver: [ftp://ftp6.nero.com/wnaspi32.dll download]&lt;br /&gt;
* Adaptec Windows ASPI Package: [http://www.adaptec.com/worldwide/support/suppdetail.jsp?sess=no&amp;amp;prodkey=ASPI-4.70 official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* ForceASPI [http://radified.com/ASPI/forceaspi.htm radified.com]&lt;br /&gt;
* ASPI4all [http://www.cdr-zone.com/software/aspi_layers/aspi4all.html CDR-Zone.COM]&lt;br /&gt;
* FrogAspi [http://www.frogaspi.org/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* VOB ASAPI Driver 1.3: [http://www.rarewares.org/files/ASAPI.exe download]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
* ALSA Project [http://www.alsa-project.org/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* kX Project [http://kxproject.lugosoft.com/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* ZonaISIS [http://www.hispasonic.com/zonaisis/index.htm unofficial]&lt;br /&gt;
* I have a dream ... [http://members.aol.com/cridi/ unofficial]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Links==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.reactos.org/wiki/index.php/Untested_%28open_source%29_software_list Open source softwares @ ReactOS wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.rarewares.org/ RareWares]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=Download_page&amp;diff=18340</id>
		<title>Download page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=Download_page&amp;diff=18340"/>
		<updated>2008-04-06T13:47:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: /* Processing utilities */ Added &amp;quot;Processing utilities&amp;quot; section, and lossyWAV&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;All programs mentioned anywhere in the wiki can be downloaded here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Note:&#039;&#039;&#039; Linux downloads have been migrated here. The older Download Linux page will not be maintained anymore.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also the [[:Category:Software|Software Category]] article for more software not listed here. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=CD Rippers=&lt;br /&gt;
==Windows==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:300px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[CDex]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://cdexos.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source ripper for Windows that uses cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[DBpowerAMP with AccurateRip|DBpowerAMP]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.dbpoweramp.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for Windows that includes Accurate Stream functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Deep Ripper&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[EAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.exactaudiocopy.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for Windows, C2 error pointers, Accurate Stream, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[BonkEnc]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.bonkenc.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Ripper with [[Cdparanoia]] support. It&#039;s an open-source projekt.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Mac OS/X==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:350px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://sbooth.org/Max/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for OS/X that uses additional cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Linux==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:320px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | abcde &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
|[http://www.hispalinux.es/~data/abcde.php here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A command-line based ripper with cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[cdparanoia]]&lt;br /&gt;
| BSD, GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | One of the first secure standalone rippers for the Linux platform&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Grip]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.nostatic.org/grip here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source Gnome interface ripper that uses cdparanoia functionality &lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Rubyripper]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.rubyforge.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | A secure ripper for the Linux that uses additional cdparanoia functionality&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=CD/DVD Writers=&lt;br /&gt;
==Windows==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:185px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | BurnAtOnce&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.burnatonce.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CD writing application based upon CDRDAO &lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Burrrn]] (CDA only)&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.burrrn.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CDBurnerXP Pro&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.cdburnerxp.se/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DeepBurner Free&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DeepBurner Pro&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.deepburner.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Express Burn&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://nch.com.au/burn/index.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Express Burn Plus&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://nch.com.au/burn/index.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Infra Recorder&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://infrarecorder.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Nero]]&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.nero.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | SilentNight Micro-CD Burner&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.silentnight2004.com/Download.html here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Mac OS/X==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:130px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:310px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[DVD-Audio Tools]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://dvd-audio.sourceforge.net/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Open-source DVD-Audio authoring application  &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[FireStarter FX]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.projectomega.org/subcat.php?lg=en&amp;amp;php=products_firestarter here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Free OS/X Cocoa CD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[X-CD-Roast]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| Free &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xcdroast.org/xcdr098/xcdrosX.html here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | New OS/X port of this Linux CD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Linux==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:130px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; | Unicode&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:90px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:260px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | CDRDAO &lt;br /&gt;
| N &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.cdrdao.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Cdrdao records audio or data CD-Rs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | DVD-Audio Tools &lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://dvd-audio.sourceforge.net/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Open-source DVD-Audio authoring application&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Gnome Baker]] &lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.gnomefiles.org/app.php?soft_id=291 here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source Gnome interface CD/DVD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color:#eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[K3b]]&lt;br /&gt;
| N&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.k3b.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source KDE CD writing application for Linux platform  &lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[X-CD-Roast]] &lt;br /&gt;
| Y &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xcdroast.org here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | New open-source Gnome interface CD/DVD writing application&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Multimedia Players=&lt;br /&gt;
==Windows==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Foobar2000]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, BSD&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.foobar2000.org/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Advanced tagging, plugin capabilities, and kernel streaming support&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MediaMonkey]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mediamonkey.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports many Winamp plugins&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MusikCube&lt;br /&gt;
| BSD&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.musikcube.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports dynamic playlists and advanced SQL capabilities &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | VUplayer&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.vuplayer.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports many popular digital audio codecs and MOD tracker formats  &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Winamp]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.winamp.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular audio player for Windows&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Mac OS/X==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Cog&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://cogosx.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source digital audio player for OS/X.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Linux==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Amarok]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://amarok.kde.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source KDE audio player similiar to Foobar2000&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[wxMusik]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://musik.berlios.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; |A cross-platform open-source audio player&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[XMMS]] &lt;br /&gt;
| GPL &lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.xmms.org/ here] &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Popular open-source audio player similiar to Winamp &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==PocketPC==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;These players may not play all your media files. Check their websites for the format support.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* GSPlayer: http://hp.vector.co.jp/authors/VA032810/&lt;br /&gt;
* MortPlayer: http://www.sto-helit.de/&lt;br /&gt;
* TCPMP: http://tcpmp.corecodec.org/about&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Tagging Utilities=&lt;br /&gt;
==Windows==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ccccff; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ccccff&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Abander TagControl&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softartstudio.com/tagcontrol/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| &lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | AudioShell&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softpointer.com/AudioShell.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Integrates with Windows Explorer&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Frontah&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://home.vxu.se/mdati00/frontah/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Transcode and tag editor for ID3v1.x, ID3v2.x, Lyrics3, Vorbis Comment, APEv1 &amp;amp; APEv2 tags. Supports ANSI, UTF8 and UTF16 text encoding depends on tag type.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Magic MP3 Tagger&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.magic-tagger.com here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Optimized for automatic music identification&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MediaMonkey]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free, Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mediamonkey.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Also a Media Player &amp;amp; Library&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MetatOGGer&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://fireblast.free.fr/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags MP3 ([[ID3]]) and Ogg files (Vorbis comment, including Ogg FLAC and Speex)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | MP3 Book Helper&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://mp3bookhelper.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags [[ID3v1]], ID3v2.3, and Vorbis comments. Features: FreeDB, unicode, guessing and matching, and supporting PAR, SFV, SV, and NFO generation.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[MP3tag]]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mp3tag.de/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tags all files supporting [[ID3]], [[APEv2]], and [[Vorbis_Comment|Vorbis Comments]], not only MP3s&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [http://www.mp3-tag.com/ MP3 Tag Editor]&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.mp3-tag.com/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Software to edit tags in audio files of [[MP3]], [[WMA]], [[OGG]], [[ASF]], and other music format.&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Mp3/Tag Studio&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.magnusbrading.com/mp3ts/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Supports ID3v1 &amp;amp; v2 &#039;&#039;&#039;only&#039;&#039;&#039;. Powerful matching and fancy filters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[Tag.exe]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.synthetic-soul.co.uk/tag/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Command-line universal tagger for Windows&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tag &amp;amp;amp; Rename&lt;br /&gt;
| Shareware&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.softpointer.com/tr.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | TagScanner&lt;br /&gt;
| Free/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://xdev.narod.ru/tagscan_e.htm here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | The GodFather&lt;br /&gt;
| Card/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://users.otenet.gr/~jtcliper/tgf/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [http://wmptagext.sourceforge.net/download.html WMPTSE]&lt;br /&gt;
| Free/Donate&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://wmptagext.sourceforge.net here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Software to integrate other tag format than [[ID3]] into Microsoft Windows Media Player.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Mac OS/X==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #bbffbb; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#bbffbb;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Tag&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://sbooth.org/Tag/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | An open-source tagging application for OS/X&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Linux==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:150px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:270px;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | EasyTAG&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://easytag.sourceforge.net/ here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | Gnome tagging utility&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Encoders, Decoders, Etc.=&lt;br /&gt;
All basic tools needed to make use of the audio formats supported here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[MP3]]==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[LAME]] encoder/decoder: [http://www.rarewares.org/mp3.html download pre-compiled binaries here]. Also check the [[Lame Compiles|Latest recommended version]] page.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[MP3Gain]], a Replay Gain-like utility: [http://mp3gain.sourceforge.net/download.php download here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== (Ogg) [[Vorbis]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, all recommended Ogg Vorbis utilities are available at the [http://www.rarewares.org/ogg.html Rarewares Ogg Vorbis page]. The following tools are important:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;OggEnc2&#039;&#039;&#039;: A command-line Ogg Vorbis encoder that can be used with most CD rippers. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;OggDec&#039;&#039;&#039;: Command-line decoder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;[[OggDropXPd]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: An easy to use, drag&#039;n&#039;drop encoder/decoder with support for automatic tagging, renaming and  playlist creation on encoding.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;Encoding DLLs&#039;&#039;: For encoding within CDex or WinLame.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &#039;&#039;&#039;VorbisGain&#039;&#039;&#039;: The [[Replay Gain]] utility for (Ogg) Vorbis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the [[Lancer]] suite — a highly SSE-optimized suite of utilities and libraries — are available at [http://homepage3.nifty.com/blacksword/ this page] &#039;&#039;(in Japanese)&#039;&#039;. See [[Lancer#Platform-specific Builds|this section]] for information about the different builds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[Musepack]] (MPC)==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=win Download MPC for Windows]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=lin Download MPC for Linux]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=osx Download MPC for Mac OS X]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.musepack.net/index.php?pg=src Download MPC source code]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://forum.musepack.net/showthread.php?t=395 Forum announcement of SV8 release]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[FLAC]]==&lt;br /&gt;
* CoolEdit / Adobe Audition Filter supporting FLAC: [http://www.vuplayer.com/other.php download here]&lt;br /&gt;
* Various FLAC-related utilities (incl. Replay Gain utility): [http://flac.sourceforge.net/download.html FLAC&#039;s SourceForge Download page]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Transcoders==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Note: Although these tools may convert from one encoding to another, please remember that [[transcoding]] to any [[lossy]] encoding &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;will&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; result in a degraded quality.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* BeSweet: http://besweet.notrace.dk/&lt;br /&gt;
* BonkEnc&lt;br /&gt;
* dBpowerAMP Music Converter (dMC): http://www.dbpoweramp.com/dmc.htm&lt;br /&gt;
* foobar2000 (needs 3rd party encoders)&lt;br /&gt;
* MediaCoder: http://www.rarewares.org/mediacoder/&lt;br /&gt;
* Omni Encoder: http://omniencoder.autobotcity.net/&lt;br /&gt;
* Winamp&lt;br /&gt;
* WinLAME: http://winlame.sourceforge.net/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Processing utilities=&lt;br /&gt;
==Windows==&lt;br /&gt;
{| border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center; border:2px solid #ffcccc; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background:#ffcccc;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:120px;&amp;quot; | Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | License&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:100px;&amp;quot; | Website&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width: auto;&amp;quot; | Description&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeee;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | [[lossyWAV]]&lt;br /&gt;
| GPL&lt;br /&gt;
| [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=504087 here]&lt;br /&gt;
| align=&amp;quot;left&amp;quot; | lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for [[Wikipedia:Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] (uncompressed) WAV files. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Drivers=&lt;br /&gt;
==ASPI==&lt;br /&gt;
* Ahead Nero ASPI Driver: [ftp://ftp6.nero.com/wnaspi32.dll download]&lt;br /&gt;
* Adaptec Windows ASPI Package: [http://www.adaptec.com/worldwide/support/suppdetail.jsp?sess=no&amp;amp;prodkey=ASPI-4.70 official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* ForceASPI [http://radified.com/ASPI/forceaspi.htm radified.com]&lt;br /&gt;
* ASPI4all [http://www.cdr-zone.com/software/aspi_layers/aspi4all.html CDR-Zone.COM]&lt;br /&gt;
* FrogAspi [http://www.frogaspi.org/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* VOB ASAPI Driver 1.3: [http://www.rarewares.org/files/ASAPI.exe download]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sound ==&lt;br /&gt;
* ALSA Project [http://www.alsa-project.org/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* kX Project [http://kxproject.lugosoft.com/ official website]&lt;br /&gt;
* ZonaISIS [http://www.hispasonic.com/zonaisis/index.htm unofficial]&lt;br /&gt;
* I have a dream ... [http://members.aol.com/cridi/ unofficial]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Links=&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.reactos.org/wiki/index.php/Untested_%28open_source%29_software_list Open source softwares @ ReactOS wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.rarewares.org/ RareWares]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18339</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18339"/>
		<updated>2008-04-06T12:17:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.9.1&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.9.1, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -autoshape)&lt;br /&gt;
-autoshape    enable variable noise shaping (depends on bits-to-remove);&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -shaping)&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18326</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18326"/>
		<updated>2008-03-30T03:36:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.9&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.9, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -autoshape)&lt;br /&gt;
-autoshape    enable variable noise shaping (depends on bits-to-remove);&lt;br /&gt;
              (incompatible with -shaping)&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18325</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18325"/>
		<updated>2008-03-28T03:13:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.8&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.8, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18320</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18320"/>
		<updated>2008-03-22T02:59:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.7&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.7, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc.; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18319</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18319"/>
		<updated>2008-03-22T02:47:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.7&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:LGPL|LGPL license]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.7, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+36.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;  enable fixed noise shaping using n as a proportion of full noise&lt;br /&gt;
              shaping, i.e. 0=off, 1=fully on, 0.5=half on, etc.; default=0.00 .&lt;br /&gt;
-scale &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;    scaling factor from WaveGain / etc; default = 1.000000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
Sebastian Gesemann for helping me to implement noise shaping properly.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18305</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18305"/>
		<updated>2008-03-14T02:32:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.3&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:LGPL|LGPL license]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.3, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a/1b       quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b/2c    quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=3,2,2,2,2,2,2(max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+30.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (12.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=3,-5=4,-6=5,-7=6.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping      enable fixed noise shaping.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailed output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18302</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18302"/>
		<updated>2008-03-04T09:51:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.1&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:LGPL|LGPL license]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently-zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:Variable bitrate|variable bitrate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling (signal processing)|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable-length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or WavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.1, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a          quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b       quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=4,3,2,2 (max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+24.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (6.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=5.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replay Gain developer) introduces the method and a MATLAB implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18301</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18301"/>
		<updated>2008-03-04T07:55:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| screenshot = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| stable_release = v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| preview_release = beta v0.8.0&lt;br /&gt;
| operating_system = [[Wikipedia:Microsoft Windows|Windows]]&lt;br /&gt;
| use = [[Wikipedia:Digital signal processing|Digital signal processing]]&lt;br /&gt;
| license = [[Wikipedia:LGPL|LGPL license]]&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a new free lossy pre-processor for [[PCM]] audio contained in the [[WAV]] file format. It reduces [[Wikipedia:Audio bit depth|bit depth]] of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate of the encoded file significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. &lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC is an idea started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] at Hydrogenaudio, utilising the wasted bits feature of the FLAC lossless codec with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower significant bits (LSB&#039;s) zero), consequently taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower significant bits within each single frame and significantly increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179] In this way the user can enjoy audio encoded using the same codec (which may be all important from a hardware compatibility perspective) at a reduced bitrate compared to the lossless version.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C] ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]] (Many thanks [[Wikipedia:CodeGear|CodeGear]] for Turbo Explorer!!) with a liberal sprinkling of [[Wikipedia:IA-32|IA-32]] and [[Wikipedia:x87|x87]] Assembly Language for speed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Subsequently, lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with valuable tuning performed by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27] at Hydrogenaudio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Indicative bitrate reduction==&lt;br /&gt;
It must be stressed that lossyWAV is a pure [[Wikipedia:variable bit rate|variable bit rate]] pre-processor. Bits-to-remove from the audio data are calculated on a block-by-block basis (default codec-block length = 512 samples) using overlapping [[Wikipedia:fast Fourier transform|fast Fourier transform]] (FFT) analyses of at least two lengths (default = 64 &amp;amp; 1024 [[Wikipedia:Sampling %28signal processing%29|samples]]). After some manipulation, the results of each FFT analysis for a specific codec-block are then grouped and the minimum value used to determine bits-to-remove for the whole codec-block. Each sample in the codec-block is then rounded such that the first &amp;lt;bits-to-remove&amp;gt; LSB&#039;s are zero. In this way the wasted bits feature of [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] et al is exploited.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV Test Set&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -1&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -2&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average                                &lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 480kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 426kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 376kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.5.8&lt;br /&gt;
| 543kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 491kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 434kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| ----&lt;br /&gt;
| 402kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| v0.6.7 RC2&lt;br /&gt;
| 558kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 515kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 462kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!10 Album Test Average&lt;br /&gt;
| 850kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 505kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 458kbps&lt;br /&gt;
| 404kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!53 sample &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; set                &lt;br /&gt;
| 784kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 567kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 525kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| 464kbps&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Large Foobar2000 Conversion: (lossyWAV -3; [[Wikipedia:FLAC|FLAC]] -5 -b 512)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Album&lt;br /&gt;
!FLAC -8&lt;br /&gt;
!Version&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV -3&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 42391MB (42.0%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.6.2&lt;br /&gt;
| 371kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!3686 Tracks; 290 Discs; 100913MB &amp;gt; 44990MB (44.6%)&lt;br /&gt;
| 884kbps &lt;br /&gt;
| beta v0.7.1 -extrafft&lt;br /&gt;
| 394kbps &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The beta v0.6.2 3686 track conversion took 7 hours 15 minutes on an Intel C2D @ 3GHZ, 2GB RAM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==File identification==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed WAV files are named with a double filename extension, .lossy.wav, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.6.1, the -correction parameter is used when processing to create a correction file which is named with the .lwcdf.wav double filename extension. When &amp;quot;added&amp;quot; to the corresponding .lossy.wav, using the -merge parameter, the original file will be reconstituted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From beta v0.5.9, lossyWAV inserts a variable length FACT chunk into the WAV file immediately after the FMT chunk. This takes the form:&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;fact/&amp;lt;size&amp;gt;/lossyWAV beta vx.y.z : dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss&lt;br /&gt;
-2 -cbs 512 -nts 0.00 -snr 21.00 -skew 36.00&lt;br /&gt;
-spf 22224-22235-22336-12347-12358 -fft 10101&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;Where the version, date &amp;amp; time and user settings are copied. Additionally, if a lossyWAV FACT chunk is found in a file, the processing will be halted (exit code = 16) to prevent re-processing of an already processed file.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The -check parameter can be used to determine whether a file has previously been processed without trying to process it, exit code = 16 if already processed; exit code = 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quality presets==&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 400kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music. [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All tuning has been performed on quality preset -3 with -2 and -1 being more conservative. Quality preset -3 is generally accepted to be (and from testing so far is) transparent. If you find a track which -3 fails to achieve transparency after processing, please post a sample (no more than 30 seconds) in the development thread.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apart from the quality presets the -nts (noise threshold shift) parameter is the most important parameter to control quality. Without noise threshold shifting (-nts 0) the number of bits to be removed is computed in a theoretically optimal way. -nts 0 is defaulted when using quality preset -3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be defensive a negative -nts value can be chosen up to -48. -nts -2 is defaulted when using quality preset -2, and -1 defaults to -nts -4. For archiving purposes and/or very cautious users even more conservative values may be of interest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because of internal precautions in addition to 2Bdecided&#039;s principles experience so far tells us that a small positive -nts value keeps the encoding transparent or brings up only subtle differences. This way file size can be decreased. A -nts value of more than 10  however is not recommended.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 4-bit to 32-bit integer; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Codec compatibility==&lt;br /&gt;
===Known supported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;5&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 --&#039;&#039;&#039;keep-foreign-metadata&#039;&#039;&#039;[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Any player supported by [http://www.rockbox.org Rockbox] can use FLAC or wavPack files after installing Rockbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Known unsupported codecs===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using lossyWAV==&lt;br /&gt;
===Application settings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.8.0, Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Nick Currie.&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is issued with NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER and is free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1/1a          quality preset 1, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-2/2a/2b       quality preset 2, circa 4??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch [default];&lt;br /&gt;
-3/3a/3b/3c    quality preset 3, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-4/4a/4b/4c    quality preset 4, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-5/5a/5b/5c    quality preset 5, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-6/6a/6b/6c    quality preset 6, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
-7/7a/7b/7c    quality preset 7, circa 3??kbps for 44.1khz, 2ch;&lt;br /&gt;
               [a/b/c = 1/2/3 extra FFT analyses; default=4,3,2,2 (max=5)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file(s).&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+18.0dB);&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase).&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (12.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off.&lt;br /&gt;
-check        check if WAV file has already been processed. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
              errorlevel=16 if already processed, 0 if not.&lt;br /&gt;
-noclips      set allowable number of clips per channel per codec block to 0;&lt;br /&gt;
              default= -1=0,-2=1,-3=2,-4=5.&lt;br /&gt;
-correction   write correction file while processing WAV file. default=off;&lt;br /&gt;
-merge        merge existing lossy.wav and lwcdf.wav files.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output.&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings.&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it.&lt;br /&gt;
Don Cross for the original Pascal source for the FFT algorithm used.&lt;br /&gt;
Horst Albrecht for valuable tuning input and feedback.&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example Foobar2000 converter settings===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Example flossy3.bat file called from Foobar2000===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
z:\bin\flac.exe -5 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Will it ever have a [[Constant Bitrate|CBR]] mode?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current test settings==&lt;br /&gt;
No current test settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=60494 lossyWAV v0.6.7 RC2 issue thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread] You will find the latest release candidate and latest beta version in post #1 of this thread.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] Where David Robinson (Replaygain developer) introduces the method and a Matlab implementation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Encoder/Decoder]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lossy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18027</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18027"/>
		<updated>2007-12-08T15:52:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 350kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16-bit, 24-bit; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&#039; 2 -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also [http://www.hometheaterhifi.com/volume_8_4/dvd-benchmark-part-6-dvd-audio-11-2001.html#Meridian%20Lossless%20Packing%20(MLP)%20in%20a%20Nutshell evidence] &amp;amp;mdash; so-called &amp;quot;Bit Shifting&amp;quot; &amp;amp;mdash; to suggest that lossyWAV may work with [[Wikipedia:Meridian Lossless Packing|MLP]], but this remains untested due to prohibitive prices of encoders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.7 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme settings [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default settings [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact settings [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+48.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Specific Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping      enable fixed shaping using bit_removal difference of previous&lt;br /&gt;
              samples [value = brd(-1)/4]; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (-215.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example Foobar2000 Converter Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example flossy.bat file called from above converter settings.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\flac.exe -8 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current Test Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
During the ongoing testing phase of the newly implemented -shaping parameter (from v0.5.6), the initial testing settings are proposed to be &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
-3 -shaping -nts 15 -snr 18&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Feedback in the lossyWAV Development thread in the Upload forum would be very much appreciated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18025</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18025"/>
		<updated>2007-12-08T15:39:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 350kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16-bit, 24-bit; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&#039; 2 -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.7 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme settings [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default settings [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact settings [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+48.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Specific Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-shaping      enable fixed shaping using bit_removal difference of previous&lt;br /&gt;
              samples [value = brd(-1)/4]; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (-215.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example Foobar2000 Converter Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example flossy.bat file called from above converter settings.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\flac.exe -8 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Current Test Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
During the ongoing testing phase of the newly implemented -shaping parameter (from v0.5.6), the initial testing settings are proposed to be &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
-3 -shaping -nts 15 -snr 18&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Feedback in the lossyWAV Development thread in the Upload forum would be very much appreciated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18017</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18017"/>
		<updated>2007-12-05T15:23:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: /* Supported input formats */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 350kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16-bit, 24-bit; sample rate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16-bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. [[Wikipedia:Red Book (audio CD standard)|CD]] PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&#039; 2 -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.5 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme settings [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default settings [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact settings [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+48.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Specific Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (-215.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example Foobar2000 Converter Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example flossy.bat file called from above converter settings.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\flac.exe -8 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18016</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=18016"/>
		<updated>2007-12-05T14:26:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: /* Known supported codecs */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when processing any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Highest quality preset, disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: Default preset; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]], approx. 350kbps for &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; music.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16bit, 24-bit; Samplerate &amp;amp;ge; 32kHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]]. Very high sample rates (&amp;gt;&amp;gt;48kHz) have not been extensively tested. Tunings have been focussed on 16bit, 44.1kHz samples (i.e. CD PCM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;e&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;r&#039;&#039;&#039; 2 -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512 [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=533689]&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.5 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme settings [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default settings [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact settings [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+48.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Specific Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (-215.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example Foobar2000 Converter Settings==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Foobar2000_Converter_Settings.PNG]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example flossy.bat file called from above converter settings.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
@echo off&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\lossyWAV %1 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 -below -nowarn -quiet&lt;br /&gt;
c:\data_nic\bin\flac.exe -8 -f -b 512 &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot; -o&amp;quot;%~N2.flac&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
del &amp;quot;%~N1.lossy.wav&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17971</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17971"/>
		<updated>2007-11-29T11:15:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV-processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.4 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-0            emulate script  [2xFFT] (-cbs 1024 -nts  0.0 -skew  0 -snr -215&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 44444-44444-44444-44444-44444 -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs  512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr   21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs  512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr   21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs  512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr   21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-48.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+48.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (-215.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17970</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17970"/>
		<updated>2007-11-28T11:28:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17969</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17969"/>
		<updated>2007-11-28T03:52:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combinations of lossyWAV with each specific encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a compatible [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316] A comparison of portable media players is [[Wikipedia:Comparison of portable media players#Audio Formats|here]], which shows FLAC and WMA Lossless compatibility among listed players.&lt;br /&gt;
Presets are, of course, not limited to these example uses. Preset -3 has proven to be more than acceptable for people who have been closely involved with development. &#039;&#039;&#039;It is up to the user to decide which preset to use for their own purposes.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17968</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17968"/>
		<updated>2007-11-28T02:55:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Naming==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Specific combinations of lossyWAV with a certain encoder are referred to as lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039;, where &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation of the lossless codec name. Combination names are listed in the &amp;quot;[[LossyWAV#Known supported codecs|known supported codecs]]&amp;quot; section below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or WavPack enabled [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Combination name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;FLAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;LPAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;ALS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;TAK&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WV&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|lossy&#039;&#039;&#039;WMALSL&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=55522&amp;amp;st=0 Original lossyFLAC thread] (no longer used)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17967</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17967"/>
		<updated>2007-11-28T02:32:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or WavPack enabled [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Lossless Predictive Audio Compression|LPAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Wikipedia:Audio Lossless Coding|MPEG-4 ALS]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;l&#039;&#039;&#039; -&#039;&#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;fsl&#039;&#039;&#039;512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
| --&#039;&#039;&#039;blocksize&#039;&#039;&#039;=512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;wmalsl&#039;&#039;&#039; (same as -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
| &amp;amp;mdash;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ALAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lossless Audio|LA]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Monkey&#039;s Audio]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OptimFROG]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17966</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17966"/>
		<updated>2007-11-27T14:17:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{title|lossyWAV}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=409 2Bdecided] with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original [[Wikipedia:MATLAB|MATLAB]] implementation to [[Wikipedia:Borland Delphi|Delphi]], and lossyFLAC proved itself to work with other lossless codecs, so the application name was changed to lossyWAV. Since then, Nick.C has heavily developed and built upon lossyWAV, with tuning performed with the help of [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=25015 halb27].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or WavPack enabled [[Wikipedia:Digital audio player|DAP]].[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs and optimal settings==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -wmalsl (equiv. to -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparency|transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17965</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17965"/>
		<updated>2007-11-27T12:36:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Codec Infobox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| logo = &lt;br /&gt;
| type = lossy&lt;br /&gt;
| purpose = lossy pre-processor&lt;br /&gt;
| maintainer = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showuser=42400 Nick.C]&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_encoder = lossyWAV&lt;br /&gt;
| recommended_text = latest&lt;br /&gt;
| website = [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Hydrogenaudio]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is to maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by 2Bdecided with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original MATLAB implementation to Delphi, and has since heavily developed and built upon the original methods of lossyWAV. Fine tuning has been performed with the help of halb27.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or wavPack enabled DAP.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported input formats==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[WAV]]: 16, 24-bit; &amp;amp;ge;32KHz [[Pulse Code Modulation|PCM]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs and optimal settings==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ &#039;&#039;&#039;Recommended settings&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec&lt;br /&gt;
!lossyWAV parameters&lt;br /&gt;
!Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -wmalsl (equiv. to -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[Variable Bitrate|VBR]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[transparent]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it [[lossless]]?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Answer:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
:*high quality&lt;br /&gt;
:*extremely low chance of audible [[artifact|artefacts]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*reasonable [[bitrate]]s&lt;br /&gt;
:*usable with unmodified, established lossless formats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17964</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17964"/>
		<updated>2007-11-27T12:02:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lossyWAV is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is too maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by 2Bdecided with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original MATLAB implementation to Delphi, and has since heavily developed and built upon the original methods of lossyWAV. Fine tuning has been performed with the help of halb27.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or wavPack enabled DAP.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs and optimal settings==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ The table&#039;s caption&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec || lossyWAV parameters || Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -wmalsl (equiv. to -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it VBR?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it transparent?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it lossless?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; High quality, extremely low chance of audible artefacts, reasonable bitrates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17963</id>
		<title>LossyWAV</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.hydrogenaudio.org/index.php?title=LossyWAV&amp;diff=17963"/>
		<updated>2007-11-27T12:01:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Mitch 1 2: Created page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lossyFLAC is a lossy pre-processor for audio. It reduces bit depth of the input signal, which, when used in conjunction with certain lossless codecs, reduces the bitrate significantly compared to unpreprocessed compression. lossyWAV&#039;s primary goal is too maintain [[transparency]] with a high degree of confidence when encoding any audio data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
lossyFLAC was an experiment started by 2Bdecided with the aim of transparently reducing audio bit depth (making some lower bits zero), thereby taking advantage of FLAC&#039;s detection of consistently zeroed lower sample bits within each single frame, increasing coding efficiency.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498179]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nick.C ported the original MATLAB implementation to Delphi, and has since heavily developed and built upon the original methods of lossyWAV. Fine tuning has been performed with the help of halb27.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV processed files are usually named with a double filename extension, to make them instantly identifiable. e.g. &amp;quot;.lossy.flac&amp;quot; would indicate an audio file which was processed using lossyWAV, and subsequently encoded using FLAC.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=55522&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=498559]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Presets==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*-1: Disc space-saving alternative to lossless archiving for large audio collections.&lt;br /&gt;
*-2: General usage; a compromise between -1 and -3.&lt;br /&gt;
*-3: High quality preset for usage on a FLAC or wavPack enabled DAP.[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?s=&amp;amp;showtopic=56129&amp;amp;view=findpost&amp;amp;p=531316]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known supported codecs and optimal settings==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ The table&#039;s caption&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Codec || lossyWAV parameters || Encoder parameters&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Free Lossless Audio Codec|FLAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
| -&#039;&#039;&#039;b&#039;&#039;&#039; 512&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[TAK]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[WavPack]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![[Windows Media Audio#Windows Media Audio Lossless|WMA Lossless]]&lt;br /&gt;
| -wmalsl (equiv. to -&#039;&#039;&#039;cbs&#039;&#039;&#039; 2048)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Known unsupported codecs==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[TTA]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==lossyWAV application settings==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
lossyWAV beta v0.5.1 : WAV file bit depth reduction method by 2Bdecided.&lt;br /&gt;
Delphi implementation by Nick.C from a Matlab script, www.hydrogenaudio.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usage   : lossyWAV &amp;lt;input wav file&amp;gt; &amp;lt;options&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Example : lossyWAV musicfile.wav&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Quality Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-1            extreme quality [4xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts -2.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22225-11235-11246-12358 -fft 11011)&lt;br /&gt;
-2            default quality [3xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +1.5 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22224-22235-22346-12347-12358 -fft 10101)&lt;br /&gt;
-3            compact quality [2xFFT] (-cbs 512 -nts +6.0 -skew 36 -snr 21&lt;br /&gt;
              -spf 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C -fft 10001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-o &amp;lt;folder&amp;gt;   destination folder for the output file&lt;br /&gt;
-nts &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set noise_threshold_shift to n dB (-18.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=+6.0dB)&lt;br /&gt;
              (-ve values reduce bits to remove, +ve values increase)&lt;br /&gt;
-force        forcibly over-write output file if it exists; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Codec Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-wmalsl       optimise internal settings for WMA Lossless codec; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced / System Options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-snr &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set minimum average signal to added noise ratio to n dB;&lt;br /&gt;
              (0.0dB&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0dB) Increasing value reduces bits to remove.&lt;br /&gt;
-skew &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;     skew fft analysis results by n dB (0.0db&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=48.0db) in the&lt;br /&gt;
              frequency range 20Hz to 3.45kHz&lt;br /&gt;
-cbs &amp;lt;n&amp;gt;      set codec block size to n samples (512&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=4608, n mod 32=0)&lt;br /&gt;
-fft &amp;lt;5xbin&amp;gt;  select fft lengths to use in analysis, using binary switching,&lt;br /&gt;
              from 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples, e.g. 01001 = 128,1024&lt;br /&gt;
-overlap      enable conservative fft overlap method; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-spf &amp;lt;5x5hex&amp;gt; manually input the 5 spreading functions as 5 x 5 characters;&lt;br /&gt;
              These correspond to FFTs of 64, 128, 256, 512 &amp;amp; 1024 samples;&lt;br /&gt;
              e.g. 22235-22236-22347-22358-2246C (Characters must be one of&lt;br /&gt;
              1 to 9 and A to F (zero excluded).&lt;br /&gt;
-allowable    select allowable number of clipping samples per codec block&lt;br /&gt;
              before iterative clipping reduction; (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=64, default=0).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-window       select windowing function n (0&amp;lt;=n&amp;lt;=6, default=0); 0=Hanning&lt;br /&gt;
              1=Bartlett-Hann; 2=Blackman; 3=Nuttall; 4=Blackman-Harris;&lt;br /&gt;
              5=Blackman-Nuttall; 6=Flat-Top.&lt;br /&gt;
-clipping     disable clipping prevention by iteration; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
-dither       dither output using triangular dither; default=off&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-quiet        significantly reduce screen output&lt;br /&gt;
-nowarn       suppress lossyWAV warnings&lt;br /&gt;
-detail       enable detailled output mode&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-below        set process priority to below normal.&lt;br /&gt;
-low          set process priority to low.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Special thanks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
David Robinson for the method itself and motivation to implement it in Delphi.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Jean Debord for the use of TPMAT036 uFFT &amp;amp; uTypes units for FFT analysis.&lt;br /&gt;
Halb27 @ www.hydrogenaudio.org for donation and maintenance of the wavIO unit.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequently asked questions==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it VBR?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it transparent?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; Almost certainly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Is it lossless?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Question:&#039;&#039;&#039; Why should I use this?&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Short answer:&#039;&#039;&#039; High quality, extremely low chance of audible artefacts, reasonable bitrates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.hydrogenaudio.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=56129 Current development thread]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mitch 1 2</name></author>
	</entry>
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